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Marek Maria Pienkowski (born 8 September 1945) is a Polish-American medical researcher and clinician focused on broad aspects of immunological diagnosis and treatment. He collaborated in important discoveries related to immunology, viral oncogenes, genetic engineering, and cloning and has implemented desensitization treatments for allergic disorders based on this research into his clinical practice. He is also recognized as a cultural ambassador for the propagation of artistic, scientific, and business dialogue between the U.S. and Poland and has been appointed by the government of Poland and accredited by the U.S. State Department as an Honorary Consul. ==Medical research and practice== Marek M. Pienkowski has made important contributions to biomedical research and development as well as to immunological clinical practice as related to immune disorders, allergy, sinusitis, and asthma. He has published more than fifty scientific papers〔"Marek M. Pienkowski, M.D., Ph.D. Personal Publications." Pienkowski, M.D. Clinic. Web. Retrieved 30 June 2015. http://pienkowskimd.com/assets/docs/MMP_Personal_Publications_List.pdf〕 as well as two books〔Ostrowski, K., T. Krassowski, and M.M. Pienkowski. ''Handbook of Human Embryology for Medical Students'' (Three editions, in Polish). Warsaw, 1970, 1974, 1977. Print.〕〔Chayen, J., E.F. Denby, and M.M. Pienkowski. ''Biophysical Techniques as Applied to Cell Biology'' (in Polish). Warsaw, 1977 Edition. Print.〕 including the handbook for human embryology employed by medical students in Poland for over a decade. His first scientific contribution was published at age 21 in the prestigious journal ''Nature''.〔Darzynkiewicz, Z., V.K. Dokov, and M.M. Pienkowski. "Dry mass of lymphocytes during transformation after stimulation by phytohaemagglutinin." ''Nature'' 214 (1967): 1265. Print.〕 He has since published highly-cited〔For example, several of Pienkowski's papers have been cited over 100 times in peer-reviewed journals and scholarly books, and "Virus particles in early mouse embryos” is still being cited 40 years later, according to Web of Science.〕 research on mechanisms for allergic disease,〔Warner, J., M.M. Pienkowski, M. Plaut, P. Norman, and L. Lichtenstein. "Identification of histamine releasing factor(s) in the late phase of cutaneous IgE-mediated reactions.” ''Journal of Immunology'' 136, 7 (1986): 2583-2587. Print.〕〔Pienkowski, M.M., P. Norman, and L. Lichtenstein. "Suppression of late-phase skin reactions by immunotherapy with ragweed extract.” ''Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology'' 76 (1985): 729-34. Print.〕〔Pienkowski, M.M., N.F. Adkinson, Jr., M. Plaut, P.S. Norman, and L.M. Lichtenstein. "Prostaglandin D2 and histamine during the immediate and late-phase components of allergic cutaneous responses." ''Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology'' 82 (1988): 95-100. Print.〕 desensitization treatments for anaphylactic shock,〔Pienkowski, M.M., W. Kazimierczak, and N.W. Adkinson, Jr. "Basophil histamine-release remains unaffected by clinical desensitization to penicillin." ''Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology'' 82 (1988): 171-179. Print.〕 viral causes of cancer,〔Biczysko, W., M.M. Pienkowski, D. Solter, and H. Koprowski. "Virus particles in early mouse embryos.” ''Journal National Cancer Institute'' 51 (1973): 1041-1050. Print.〕〔Lewandowski, L.J., F.S. Lief, M.A. Verine, M.M. Pienkowski, V. ter Meulen, and H. Koprowski. "Analysis of a viral agent isolated from multiple sclerosis (MS) brain tissue: Characterization as a parainfluenza virus type I.” ''Journal Virology'' 13 (1974): 1037-1045. Print.〕〔Biczysko, W., D. Solter, M.M. Pienkowski, and H. Koprowski. "Interactions of early mouse embryos with oncogenic viruses—Simian virus 40 and polyoma. I. Ultrastructural studies.” ''Journal National Cancer Institute'' 51 (1973): 1945-1954. Print.〕 culturing of human tumors in nude mice,〔McManus, M.J., S.E. Patten, M.M. Pienkowski, T.J. Anderson, L.C. Mann, J.S. Schuster, L.L. Vollwiler, and C.W. Welsch. "Successful transplantation of human benign breast tumors in athymic nude-mouse and demonstration of enhanced DNA synthesis by human placental lactogen (HPL)." ''Cancer Research'' 39 (1978): 2343-2349. Print.〕〔Associated Press. ''“Research scientists make cancer gains."'' The State Journal 29 January 1976, p3. Microfiche.〕 genetic engineering to produce human proteins of therapeutic value in domestic animals,〔Szalata, M., D. Lipinski, R. Kalak, P. Tobola, J. Lehmann, K. Wielgus, J. Jura, Z. Smorag, M.M. Pienkowski, and R. Slomski. “Purification and characterization of the human growth hormone obtained in the milk of transgenic rabbits.” ''Annals of Animal Science'' 4 (2004): 351-362. Print.〕 and propagation of engineered genes via cloning.〔Skrzyszowska, M., R. Smorag, R. Slomski., L. Katska-Ksiazkiewicz, R. Kalak, E. Michalak, K. Wielgus, J. Lehmann, D. Lipinski, S.M. Plawski, J. Jura, B. Gajda, B. Rynska, and M.M. Pienkowski. “Generation of transgenic rabbits by the novel technique of chimeric somatic cell cloning.” ''Biology of Reproduction'' 74 (2006): 1114-1120. Print.〕〔Skrzyszowska, M., L. Kajska, B. Rynska, G. Kania, Z. Smorag, and M.M. Pienkowski. “In vitro developmental competence of domestic cat embryos after somatic cloning.” ''Theriogenology'' 58 (2002): 1615-1621. Print.〕 He was Founder and Chairman of the Board for Piengen Biomedical Corporation, which developed novel cloning technology and produced human proteins in the milk of transgenic domestic animals. Piengen represented the collaboration of a number of noted scientists, including Ryszard Słomski, Zdislaw Smorag, and Piotr Sicinski. Pienkowski has served on the boards of Pro2Serve Corporation and EcoSMART Technologies.〔"Marek M. Pienkowski, M.D., Ph.D. Curriculum Vitae." Pienkowski, M.D. Clinic. Web. Retrieved 30 June 2015. http://pienkowskimd.com/assets/docs/MMPienkowski_CV_030915.pdf〕 Pienkowski established a clinical practice in 1984 to serve patients with allergies, asthma, and immunological disorders. His clinic has employed his research on immunoglobulin treatments for patients with immunological deficiencies. In one notable case, he pioneered use of plasma from a hyper-immunized honeybee keeper to protect a patient who was severely allergic to honeybee stings. His practice has also pioneered treatments for peanut allergies.〔Nelson, Kristi L. ''“Treatment could offer freedom from food allergies.”'' Knoxville News-Sentinel 11 June 2015. Web. Retrieved 11 June 2015. http://www.knoxnews.com/news/local-news/treatment-could-offer-freedom-from-food-allergies_91350535〕 Pienkowski was born in Poland and earned his M.D. and Ph.D. in Immunology from the Medical University of Warsaw from 1963–71, where he studied and worked under the direction of the distinguished Polish scientist Kazimerz Ostrowski.〔"Professor Kazimierz-Ostrowski Obituary" (in Polish). Wiara 9 January 2010. Web. Retrieved 18 June 2015. http://info.wiara.pl/doc/408723.Zmarl-prof-Kazimierz-Ostrowski〕 He served as visiting scientist at the University of Pennsylvania Wistar Institute from 1972-73. Working under the direction of Hilary Koprowski (inventor of the world's first live Polio vaccine), Pienkowski was one of Koprowski's “hand-picked staff of. . . extraordinary scientists. . . () had one or more talents other than science. They were creative. They were cultured.”〔Vaugh, Roger. ''Listen to the Music: The Life of Hilary Koprowski.'' New York, 2000, p96.〕 At Wistar, Pienkowski collaborated with Koprowski on research into cancer-causing viruses. Upon returning to Poland, Pienkowski became an Associate Professor and Chairman in the Division of Immunology at the Medical Center of Postgraduate Education in Warsaw. In 1974, Pienkowski moved to the U.S. to become Associate Professor in the Department of Anatomy at the Michigan State University College of Human Medicine in Lansing. Upon receiving nostrification of his medical degrees in the U.S., Pienkowski became a resident in internal medicine at the Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit, Michigan in 1979 and furthered his education as a post-doctoral fellow in clinical immunology at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Baltimore, Maryland under the mentorship of Professor Phillip S. Norman.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Marek Pienkowski」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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